Thumba la Njinga Linganyamule Motetezedwa Motani?

Kodi Thumba la Njinga Linganyamule Molemera Motani?

Thumba lanjinga sililephera chifukwa "kulemera kwake kunali kolemetsa" payekhapayekha. Zimalephera chifukwa kulemera kwake kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupyolera mu kugwedezeka mobwerezabwereza, kunyamula opanda ungwiro, katundu wonyamula m'mbali mwa katundu wokhazikika, masewera okwera omwe amasintha kugunda kulikonse kukhala nyundo, ndi matope a m'msewu omwe amakhala ngati phala lopweteka. Chifukwa chake funso kulemera kwanji thumba la njinga linganyamule bwinobwino ikuyenera kuyankhidwa ngati zopinga ndi zosinthana - palibe nambala imodzi yomwe idakopedwa papepala.

Kwa owerenga a B2B-ogula malonda, eni eni amtundu, ogawa, opereka mapulojekiti-cholinga sichikusindikiza cholemetsa chachikulu. Cholinga chake ndikutumiza chinthu chomwe katundu wake wotetezeka amakhalabe wokhazikika pamayendedwe enieni komanso magulu onse opanga, kuti chiwongolero chake chikhale chotsika ndipo mayendedwe opendekera amakhalabe osalala.

Nkhaniyi ikupereka mipata yotetezeka ndi mtundu wa thumba, ikufotokoza zomwe zimasinthiratu katunduyo (mawonekedwe, kusanja, kulolerana kokwera, kuwonongeka kwanyengo), ndipo imapereka mndandanda wa zogulira zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito poyesa wopanga thumba la njinga kapena fakitale ya thumba la njinga za OEM njinga matumba ndi ma paniers anjinga mapulogalamu.

Safe Carry vs Maximum Load: Ogula Nambala Atatu Amasokoneza

Chizindikiro cha "max load" nthawi zambiri chimakhala mawu osasunthika kapena okhazikika. Kunyamula kotetezeka ndikubwerezabwereza pansi pa zovuta zosokoneza.

Mphamvu Zovoteledwa (Zolemba kapena Zofuna Kulemba)

Nthawi zambiri amayezedwa pansi pamikhalidwe yolamuliridwa: kuyika kokhazikika, katundu wocheperako, nthawi yayitali, kugwedezeka kochepa.

Katundu Wotetezedwa Wadziko Lonse (Wobwerezabwereza, Wokhala ndi Chiwopsezo Chochepa)

Maakaunti a kuzungulira kwa kugwedezeka, kulongedza kosakwanira, kusuntha kwa katundu, kunyowa kwamadzi, komanso kukhudzidwa kwakanthawi.

Kulephera Kwambiri (Kumene Mavuto Ayamba Kukhala Otheka)

Pomwe mukuwona kutopa kukukulirakulira, kugwa kwa msoko, kugawanika kwa zipi, kuvala kopindika pamwamba, kupindika kwa mbedza, kapena kusuntha kosalamulirika.

Pazochitika zambiri zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogula, "chitetezo chenicheni cha dziko lapansi" ndiye nambala yomwe ili yofunika. Pamapulogalamu a B2B, lingaliro lazogula liyenera kutsimikiziridwa ngati wogulitsa atha kufotokoza malingaliro oyesera kumbuyo kwa chitetezocho ndi momwe zomangamanga zimachirikizira.

Zolepheretsa Zenizeni Zomwe Zimasankha Kulemera Kwambiri

Maonekedwe a Katundu Nthawi zambiri Amawononga Kwambiri Kuposa Misa Yonyamula

Katundu wokwanira 8 kg wa zinthu zopindika (zovala, zinthu zofewa) nthawi zambiri zimakhala bwino. Bokosi lolimba la 6 kg limatha kukhala lolimba chifukwa limakankhira kunja, kupangitsa katundu wammbali, ndikukakamiza khoma lachikwama kapena mzere wotseka kuti ukhale ngati gulu lomangika. Pogwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza, katundu wa boxy amawonjezera kupsinjika komwe kumachitika m'makona, seams, mbale za nangula, ndi zipi.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake "katundu wotetezeka" sungayankhidwe ndi kg yokha. Chikwama chikhoza kukhala "chabwino" pa 12 kg ngati katunduyo ndi wochepa komanso wosasunthika, ndipo "osati bwino" pa 7 kg ngati katunduyo ndi wokhazikika komanso akukakamiza nthawi zonse.

Kugwedezeka Kuchulukitsa Kupsinjika

Pa asphalt woyipa, miyala, ndi miyala, thumba limakumana ndi masauzande azinthu zazing'ono. Kupsinjika kumakhazikika pa:

• hook / choyikapo mawonekedwe

• nsonga za nangula

• zomangira makwerero ndi zingwe michira

• stiffener m'mphepete

• malire a tepi ya msoko (ngati alibe madzi)

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magulu ambiri ogulitsa ndikuti kuyenda movutikira kumatha kupangitsa kuti katundu "akhale" ngati 20-40% mochulukirapo chifukwa chokokera nthawi zonse komanso kumenya nyundo. Mwa kuyankhula kwina: makilogalamu omwewo amatha kutulutsa zotsatira zosiyana kwambiri za kutopa kutengera njira.

Kumanzere-Kumanja Kumayendetsa Sway ndi Kutopa Kwa Hardware

Chikhalidwe cholephereka chofala sichikuchulukirachulukira - ndi kusalinganika. Gulu limodzi lodzaza kwambiri ndipo lina lopanda kanthu limatha kuyambitsa kugwedezeka kosalekeza, makamaka poyambira pang'onopang'ono komanso pakawoloka mphepo. Cholepheretsa chothandizira ndikusunga kusiyana pakati kumanzere ndi kumanja mkati mwa 10-15% ngati nkotheka. Izi zimachepetsa nthawi yaw ndikuchepetsa kutopa kwa mbedza ndi stabilizer.

Mounting Tolerance Ndi gawo la Magawo a Katundu

Ngati thumba likugwedezeka pachoyikapo, limadziwononga lokha. Kusewera kokwera kumathandizira:

• abrasion pa mbedza mbale

• deformation mu mbedza pulasitiki pansi mobwerezabwereza mphamvu

• kumasula zomangira

• kuvala pa stabilizers ndi anangula otsika

"Thumba lamphamvu" pazitsulo zosinthika likadali dongosolo lofooka. Powunika a thumba lanjinga kulemera malire kudzinenera, chitirani mawonekedwe a rack ngati gawo la mapangidwe onyamula katundu.

Zothandiza Zonyamula Zotetezedwa motengera Mtundu wa Thumba

Mipata yomwe ili pansipa ndi milingo yothandiza yomwe imagwirizana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kwadziko lenileni komanso kugwiriridwa kodziwikiratu. Sizigawo zovomerezeka, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatha kuyesa mosiyana. Pamapulogalamu a B2B, mfundozi zimagwira ntchito bwino zikaphatikizidwa ndi zolembedwa zoyeserera komanso umboni wa zomangamanga.

Kufananiza Table: Zipangizo, Katundu Wosiyanasiyana, Kukwanira Kwanyengo, ndi Zochitika Zoyendera

Mipikisano iyi imathandizira kupanga mafelemu oyenera kugula: thumba lanjinga kulemera mphamvu sikuli mphamvu ya nsalu chabe-ndi kukhazikika kwadongosolo komanso kukana kutopa pa anangula.

Kulemera kotetezedwa motengera zochitika (Zomwe Zimachitika Pogwiritsidwa Ntchito)

Kuyenda ndi Laputopu, Lock, ndi Zofunika Zatsiku ndi Tsiku

Kulemera kwake: 4-8 kg. Izi zikuwoneka zopepuka pamapepala, koma dalaivala weniweni wopsinjika ndi pafupipafupi. Okwera ambiri amatsegula ndi kutseka zikwama zawo mobwerezabwereza (nthawi zambiri 20-40 cycles/tsiku). Kufikira pafupipafupi kumalimbikitsa kutseka kofulumira komanso kulongedza kosakwanira.

Kugulitsa: Kufikira kwa zip kumatha kuchepetsa "kulakwitsa kwa ogwiritsa," koma zinthu zolimba (ma laputopu, ma charger) zitha kupanga zokakamiza pamakona. Katundu wotetezeka amakhala wokwera kwambiri chikwama chikamawongolera ndikukhazikika.

Golosale Imayenda Ndi Boxy ndi Katundu Wosakhazikika

Katundu wofananira: 6-15 kg, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe osayembekezereka. Izi ndizochitika pomwe katundu wotetezeka nthawi zambiri amawerengedwa mopambanitsa. Bokosi lolimba lomwe likukankhira kunja limatha kupanga katundu wam'mbali womwe umakulitsa ma seams ndi nangula ngakhale pa kilogalamu yapakati.

Kusinthanitsa: Mapangidwe omwe amalekerera kuphulika komanso kulola kukanikizana kumachepetsa chiopsezo cholephera kuposa mapangidwe omwe amangogwiritsa ntchito nsalu zokhuthala.

Kuyenda Pamsewu Wonyowa (Mvula + Kutsitsira Pamsewu + Grit)

Katundu wamba: 5-10 kg. M'misika yonyowa, abrasion ndiye malire obisika. Kupopera kwa mseu kumanyamula grit yomwe imathandizira kuvala pamakona, pinda zopindika, polumikizira, ndi zipi. Matumba ambiri "opanda madzi" amalephera osati chifukwa chodumphira tsiku loyamba, koma chifukwa cha kunyozetsa pazitsulo zapamwamba komanso zowonongeka pambuyo pa kubwereza konyowa / kuuma.

Kusinthanitsa: ngati chikwamacho chili ngati zida zoyendera zanyengo yonyowa, chiwongolero chotetezeka cha katundu chikuyenera kukhala chosamala pang'ono pokhapokha ngati chitetezo cha ma abrasion ndi kupha msoko zili zamphamvu.

Pamwamba Pamwamba ndi Mwala (Kugwedezeka Monga Cholepheretsa Choyambirira)

Katundu wamba: 3-10 kg kutengera dongosolo. Pogwiritsa ntchito kugwedezeka kwambiri, kulephereka kwa kutopa kumakhala kodziwikiratu: kusinthika kwa mbedza, kumasuka kwa cholumikizira, kutsika kwa nangula, ndi kuvala kokhazikika.

Kugulitsana: Zogulitsa zabwino kwambiri sizikhala ndi zonenepa kwambiri zomwe zimanenedweratu kg, koma zomwe zimakhala zolimba kupirira komanso anangula olimbikitsidwa omwe amakana kusuntha kwa micro.

Kuyenda ndi Kunyamula Kwamasiku Ambiri (Katundu Wogawika Kachitidwe)

Katundu wofananira: 12-25 kg kudutsa dongosolo lanjinga ikagawidwa. Cholepheretsa chimakhala chogwirizira komanso kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali nsalu isanagwe mphamvu. Kukonzekera kolemera kwambiri kungathe kuchepetsa kukhazikika kwa braking ndikuwonjezera mphamvu, kupanga denga lachitetezo lomwe silikugwirizana ndi thumba la nsalu.

Kugulitsa: Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa dongosolo kumatha kukhala kotetezeka ngati kugawidwa motsika komanso mkati, kumanzere kumanja, ndikuthandizidwa ndi mawonekedwe olimba a rack.

Zomangamanga Zomwe Zimasintha Kulemera Kwambiri

Nsalu: Denier Imathandiza, Koma Si Muyeso

• 420D–600D ikhoza kukhala yokwanira kuyenda ngati anangula ndi ngodya zalimbikitsidwa.

• 900D–1000D nthawi zambiri imathandizira kukana ma abrasion, makamaka m'malo ovala kwambiri.

Komabe, kwa ogulitsa zophika panjinga mapulogalamu, denier yekha si chitsimikizo chokhalitsa. Chotsatira chachitetezo chotetezedwa chimayendetsedwa ndi kamangidwe ka nangula ndi kukhazikika kokhazikika.

Stitching Architecture pa Load-Bearing Nangula

Yang'anani:

• kulimbikitsana kwa bartack pazida za nangula

• Kusoka kwa Box-X komwe zingwe zimanyamula katundu

• kulimbitsa chitetezo cha msoko ndi chitetezo cha ngodya

• kuwongolera kachulukidwe ka ulusi ndi ulusi wabwino

Izi ndizomwe zikulosera zenizeni za magwiridwe antchito otetezedwa obwerezabwereza.

Zida za Hardware ndi Anchor Plates

Madandaulo ambiri omwe amawerengedwa ngati "thumba lathyoka" kwenikweni ndi vuto la kutopa kwa hardware. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimaphatikizapo:

• kusewera kokwera (kungonjenjemera)

• kulimbitsa nangula kosauka kumbuyo kwa mbale za mbedza

• brittle kupanga pulasitiki pansi pa UV / kuzizira

• dzimbiri mu zigawo zachitsulo pansi pa kukhudzana mchere

Wodalirika wopanga thumba la njinga ayenera kufotokoza mmene mbedza zoyenera kulolerana zimayendetsedwa ndi zimene kutopa logic awo ndi anangula.

Kuletsa Madzi Njira ndi Kupha Msoko

Kujambula kwa msoko ndi kuwotcherera kungagwire ntchito, koma chilichonse chimafuna kuwongolera. Funso logula si "kodi ndi madzi?" koma "zimakhala bwanji kuti zisalowe m'madzi pambuyo pa kusinthasintha ndi kuphulika?" Pazinthu zonyowa, chitetezo pamakona ndi kulimba kwa zone nthawi zambiri zimasankha moyo wautumiki.

Kuwona Kupsinjika Kwakatundu Wothandiza (Kwa Magulu Ogulitsa ndi Ogwiritsa Ntchito)

Khwerero 1: Dziwani Pomwe Katunduyo Akukankhira

Kodi chimakankhira kunja ndi kuphulika? Kodi imakanikiza mizere yotseka? Kodi imalendewera ngati chizungulire?

Khwerero 2: Yang'anirani Kukhazikika Kokhazikika Pansi Pakatundu

Ikani thumba lodzaza ndikugwiritsa ntchito kugwedeza mofatsa. Kunjenjemera komveka kapena kusuntha kowoneka kumasonyeza kutopa kwachangu, ngakhale kg ili yochepa.

Khwerero 3: Tsimikizirani Kusamala mu Zosintha Zenizeni

Zophika ziwiri ziyenera kukhala zofananira ngati kuli kotheka. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mbali imodzi, sungani katunduyo kukhala wotsika komanso wopepuka, ndipo yembekezerani kukhudzidwa kwamphamvu.

Khwerero 4: Ikani Zolingalira Zonyowa za Abrasion Pomwe Zikuyenera

M'mizinda yamvula, lingalirani kuti kutsitsi kwa msewu ndi grit ndizokhazikika. Chepetsani kalozera wotetezedwa pang'ono pokhapokha ngati chitetezo cha abrasion ndi nangula zidapangidwa bwino.

Ichi ndi chimango chothandiza kumbuyo bike pannier kulemera malire zomwe zimapulumuka m'misewu yeniyeni.

Mndandanda wa Zogula: Zomwe Mungafunse Musanagule

Ngati mukufufuza zogulitsira, zolembera zachinsinsi, kapena pulojekiti, nambala yolemetsa yodziwika sikwanira. Funsani malingaliro oyesera ndi njira zovomerezera zomwe zimagwirizana ndi njira ndi nyengo za makasitomala anu. A odalirika wopanga thumba la njinga Ayenera kufotokoza momwe kuchuluka kwa katundu kumalumikizirana ndi kutopa, kukhazikika kwachulukidwe, komanso kuwonongeka kwa msewu wonyowa - osati kungotchula "malire a kg."

1) Lolani zowerengera (osati nambala imodzi)

Funsani momwe akunenera thumba lanjinga kulemera malire zinatsimikiziridwa. Kodi kunali kuyesa kwa static hang, kuyesa kugwedezeka, kapena njira yophatikiza? Pemphani zotetezedwa zomwe zanenedwa kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito mosalekeza komanso kuchuluka kwapamwamba komwe kukulimbikitsidwa pakanthawi kochepa.

2) Kuyimilira ndi kutsutsa-rattle kulolerana

Kwa ma panniers, mbewa yokwanira ndi kaphatikizidwe ka rack zimasankha moyo wautali. Funsani a fakitale ya thumba la njinga momwe kulolerana kwakukwera kumayendetsedwa, kaya pali anti-rattle insert kapena stabilizer, ndi zizindikiro zotani zolephera zomwe zimawonekera poyamba pakuyendetsa njinga.

3) Zomangamanga zomata pamagawo opsinjika kwambiri

Funsani zithunzi kapena zithunzi zamagawo a nangula: kusokera kwa mbale za mbedza, zoyambira zomangira, mizu ya zingwe, ndi zolimbitsa pamakona. Tsimikizirani kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa bartack ndi Box-X komwe kumayang'ana kwambiri. Zosankha zomanga izi zimaneneratu za dziko lenileni thumba lanjinga kulemera mphamvu bwino kuposa wokana nsalu yekha.

4) Kukhazikika kwamadzi pansi pa flex ndi abrasion

Ngati mumagulitsa m'misika yonyowa, musavomereze "kupanda madzi" ngati chizindikiro. Funsani ngati ma seam amajambulidwa kapena kuwotcherera, kuyembekezera kwa flex-cycle ndi momwe chitetezo cha abrasion chimakhazikitsidwa pamakona ndi pindani. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuposa manambala apamwamba osalowa madzi pomwe utsi wapamsewu uli ndi grit.

5) Kuwongolera kwabwino komanso kusasinthika kwa batch

Za OEM njinga matumba kapena ma paniers anjinga , kukhazikika kwa batch kumafunika. Funsani zomwe macheke a QC amachitidwa pa batch iliyonse (kulumikiza mbedza, kuyang'ana kwa msoko, kusasinthasintha kwa zokutira), ndi zomwe zili pachiwopsezo musanakonzenso kapena kukanidwa.

Mapeto

A thumba la njinga otetezeka kunyamula mphamvu ndi vuto repeatability, osati ngwazi pazipita. Poyenda komanso kugulitsa zinthu zambiri, makina ambiri amachita zodziwikiratu mozungulira 5-10 kg, ndi nsonga zazifupi zozungulira 12-15 kg pokhapokha ngati katunduyo ali wocheperako, wokwanira, komanso wokwera pang'ono. Pamwamba pa izi, cholepheretsa nthawi zambiri chimakhala chokhazikika komanso kutopa pa anangula ndi malo okwera - osati kung'ambika kwa nsalu.

Pamapulogalamu a B2B, zotulukapo zabwino kwambiri zimachokera ku kugwirizanitsa zonena za katundu ndi umboni wa zomangamanga ndi malingaliro oyesera: kulimbitsa nangula, kuwongolera kulolerana, malingaliro onyowa abrasion, ndi batch-level QC. Zinthuzi zikapangidwa ndikutsimikiziridwa, chiwongolero chanu cholemera chimakhala chodalirika - ndipo kulimba kwazinthu zanu kumakhala kosasinthasintha m'misewu yeniyeni komanso makasitomala enieni.

Nyama

1) Kodi thumba la njinga linganyamule zolemera bwanji poyenda tsiku ndi tsiku?

Paulendo watsiku ndi tsiku, okwera ambiri ndi magulu azogulitsa amayang'ana malo otetezeka obwerezabwereza 5-10 kg, chifukwa imapangitsa kuti ikhale yokhazikika komanso imachepetsa kutopa pa anangula, mbedza, ndi msoko. Masamba amfupi ozungulira 12-16 makilogalamu imatha kugwira ntchito ngati katunduyo ali wocheperako, wokhazikika, komanso wokhazikika bwino popanda kugwedezeka pang'ono. Njira zokhotakhota komanso zitsulo zapamsewu nthawi zambiri zimakankhira malo otetezeka kunsi, pokhapokha ngati chitetezo cha abrasion ndi kulimbitsa nangula kuli kolimba.

2) Kodi malire olemera a njinga yanji kumbali iliyonse?

Ntchito yogwira ntchito pamakina ambiri a pannier ili pafupi 4-10 makilogalamu mbali iliyonse pamene choyikapo chiri cholimba, mbedza zimakwanira mwamphamvu, ndipo chotsitsa chotsika chimalepheretsa kugwedezeka. Chiwopsezo cha Sway chimawonjezeka kwambiri pamene mbali imodzi ili yodzaza kwambiri ndipo ina ilibe kanthu, kapena pamene kulolerana kwakukwera kumalola kugwedezeka. Ngati mukumva kugwedezeka kwachangu pa liwiro, makinawo akulowa mumkhalidwe wotopa kwambiri ngakhale kg ikuwoneka yomveka.

3) Kodi kunyamula katundu wolemetsa kumawononga ntchito yosalowa madzi pakapita nthawi?

Katundu wolemera samangochepetsa kutsekereza madzi, koma amatha kufulumizitsa malo olephera omwe amayambitsa kutayikira m'moyo weniweni: kukweza tepi ya msoko m'malo osinthika kwambiri, kuyabwa pamakona, ndi kuipitsidwa mozungulira mizere yotseka. Kupopera kwa mseu wonyowa kumanyamula grit yomwe imakhala ngati phala lonyezimira, motero moyo wautali wosalowa madzi umatengera kwambiri njira za ma abrasion ndi kupha msoko. Pazinthu zonyowa-nyengo, yang'anani momwe chikwamacho chimakhalira chosindikizidwa pambuyo posintha mobwerezabwereza ndi kuvala, osati momwe amachitira tsiku loyamba.

4) Kodi cholakwika chachikulu ndi chiyani chomwe anthu amachita akanyamula katundu wolemera m’matumba a njinga?

Cholakwika chofala kwambiri ndikunyamula zinthu zolimba, zomwe zimakankhira kunja ndikupanga katundu wam'mbali, kukakamiza mapanelo ndi mizere yotseka kuti ikhale ngati makoma omangika. Izi zimayang'ana kupsinjika pamakona, seams, ndi mbale za nangula, ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa kugawanika kwa zipper kapena kukwawa kwa msoko ngakhale pa kilogalamu yapakati. Kulongedza motetezeka kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zolemera zikhale zotsika komanso zolowa mkati, kukakamiza katunduyo kuti asasunthe, komanso kumapewa kusalinganika kwakukulu komwe kumakulitsa kugwedezeka.

5) Kodi ogula ayenera kufunsa chiyani kwa wopanga zokhuza kulemera kwake ndi zonena zolimba?

Pewani kufunsa kokha "max kg". Funsani mosalekeza kuchuluka kwa chitetezo, chiwongolero cha kuchuluka kwake, ndi malingaliro oyesera kumbuyo kwa mavoti, kuphatikiza zongoganizira za kugwedezeka, kukhazikika kokhazikika, ndi makwinya amisewu. Wokhoza wopanga thumba la njinga afotokozenso momwe kamangidwe ka nangula, kulolerana kokwanira mbedza, ndi kumanga msoko zimakhudzira nthawi yayitali. bike pannier kulemera malire ntchito m'magulumagulu, makamaka kwa OEM njinga matumba ndi ma paniers anjinga mapulogalamu.

Maumboni

1. TS EN ISO 811 Zovala - Kutsimikiza kukana kulowa kwamadzi - Kuyesa kwa hydrostatic pressure, International Organisation for Standardization (ISO), ISO Standard Publication.

2. TS EN ISO 12947 (Gawo 1-4) Zovala - Kudziwitsa kukana kwa abrasion kwa nsalu ndi njira ya Martindale, International Organisation for Standardization (ISO), ISO Standard Publication.

3. ASTM D3884: Njira Yoyezera Yoyeserera ya Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Rotary Platform, Double-Head Method), ASTM International, ASTM Standard Publication.

4. ASTM D751: Njira Zoyesera Zodziwikiratu za Nsalu Zokutidwa, ASTM International, ASTM Standard Publication.

5. Zipper: Kusankha, Kugwiritsa Ntchito, ndi Kukonza (Zopangira/Malangizo Aukadaulo), Gulu la YKK (Technical Service), YKK Technical Guidance Document.

6. Pulasitiki Weathering ndi Kukhalitsa: Kuwonekera kwa UV ndi Njira Zokalamba (Zolemba Zaukadaulo & Mapepala), Society of Plastics Engineers (SPE), SPE Publications.

7. Zizindikiro Zoyambira ndi Magwiridwe Otsitsira Mchere a Zitsulo Zazigawo (Malangizo Amakampani), AMPP (Association for Materials Protection and Performance), AMPP Technical Guide.

8. TS EN ISO 11243 Zonyamula katundu - Zofunikira ndi njira zoyesera, International Organisation for Standardization (ISO), ISO Standard Publication.