How waterproof should a hiking backpack be for heavy rain?

For alpine-level storms, a 5000mm hydrostatic head rating with welded seams is recommended. PU-coated fabrics under 2000mm are insufficient for extended heavy rain.

Are waterproof hiking bags truly waterproof for submersion?

Most hiking bags are not made for submersion. Only dry bag-style backpacks with TPU lamination and roll-top closures can resist brief immersion.

Is TPU better than PU for waterproof backpacks?

TPU offers higher abrasion resistance, better waterproof retention, weldable seam construction, and greater compliance with PFAS-free standards. PU is less durable in wet climates.

Do waterproof zippers make a big difference?

Yes. Waterproof zippers such as YKK AquaGuard reduce water ingress significantly, especially under directional rain or river spray.

Why does my waterproof backpack still get wet inside?

Water often enters through seam holes, non-waterproof zippers, or worn fabric coatings. Waterproofing depends on all components working together.

Izikhwama Zokuqwala Amanzi: Okubalulekile Empeleni

Abahamba amabanga amade bavame ukucabanga ukuthi a isikhwama sokuhamba ngezinyawo esingangeni manzi kumane nje kuwukuthi “noma yimuphi ubhaka omelana nemvula.” Ngeshwa, lo mbono oyiphutha uholela ezimpahleni ezicwilisiwe, izinto zikagesi ezilimele kanye nezingozi ezingadingekile phakathi nohambo lwezinsuku eziningi. Ukuvimbela amanzi akusona isici esisodwa—kuyi-a uhlelo, ukuhlanganisa isayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo, ubunjiniyela bomthungo, amazinga okuhlola kanye nemithethonqubo yezemvelo eguquke ngokushesha eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.

Lesi sihloko sichaza izimiso zobunjiniyela, izici zokusebenza zomhlaba wangempela, futhi izinguquko zokulawula manje echaza isizukulwane esilandelayo se izikhwama zokuhamba zingangeni manzi imiklamo. Ukuthi uqhathanisa i-daypack ehlanganiswe ne-PU nephakethe le-TPU-laminated expedition, noma ukhetha isikhwama sokuhamba esingcono kakhulu esingangeni manzi ngokwethembeka kwesikhathi eside, uzofunda ukuthi imiphi imininingwane ebalulekile—nokuthi yimiphi imishwana yokumaketha ongayiziba.

Isikhwama sokuqwala esingangenwa amanzi esithwetshulwe ogwini, esibonisa ukumelana nesihlabathi nokusebenza kwangaphandle.

Isikhwama sokuqwala i-Shunwei 30L esingangeni manzi siboniswe ogwini olushisayo ukuze kugqanyiswe ukuqina kwangempela kwangaphandle.

Kungani Ukuvimbela Ukungena Manzi Ekuhambeni Ojosaka Kuvame Ukungaqondakali

Buza noma yimuphi umhambi omusha, “Yini eyenza ubhaka ungangeni manzi?”
Abaningi bazophendula bathi: “Impahla enejazi.”

Yilokho kuphela 20% weqiniso.

A ngempela isikhwama sokuhamba ngezinyawo esingangeni manzi uthembele ku:

• Indwangu eyisisekelo + ukuqina kokunamathela
• Isilinganiso sekhanda le-Hydrostatic (ikholomu yamanzi).
• Indlela yokwakha i-Seam
• Isilinganiso sokungangeni kwamanzi kuziphu
• Dizayina i-geometry evimbela ukuhlanganisa ndawonye
• Amazinga okuhlola: ISO 811 / EN 343 / JIS L 1092
• Ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali kwamahhala kwe-PFAS ngemuva kuka-2023

Uma noma yikuphi kwalokhu kwehluleka, iphakethe “limane nje likwazi ukumelana namanzi,” hhayi lingangeni manzi.

Ngokwesibonelo:
Iphakethe lenayiloni elinophawu lwe-PU elingu-2000mm lizoxosha ukuconsa, kodwa izimbobo yenaliti zomthungo zisengavuza ngaphansi kwengcindezi, okusho ukuthi umsebenzisi ukholelwa ngephutha ukuthi uthenge isikhwama sokuhamba ngezinyawo esingangeni manzi lapho—ezimweni zangempela—ayingeni nhlobo amanzi.

Ukuqonda Izilinganiso Ezingangeni Manzi: Kusho Ukuthini I-ISO 811 kanye ne-EN 343 Empeleni

Iningi lemikhiqizo likhangisa ngokuziqhenya ngokuthi “3000mm lingangeni manzi!” ngaphandle kokuchaza ukuthi inombolo imele ini.

Inhloko ye-Hydrostatic (HH): Imethrikhi Engangeni Wamanzi Yemboni

Lokhu kulinganisa ingcindezi ngaphambi kokuba amanzi angene endwangu. Okuphakeme = okungcono.

Ububanzi obujwayelekile:

Uhlobo Lwesikhwama	I-Hydrostatic Head Rating	Incazelo Yangempela
Ubhaka ojwayelekile wokuqwala izintaba	600-1500 mm	Imvula encane kuphela
Amaphakethe ahlanganiswe nge-PU	1500-3000 mm	Imvula emaphakathi / ezinzile
Amaphakethe wezobuchwepheshe ane-TPU-laminated	5000–10,000 mm	Imvula enkulu, isifutho somfula
Izikhwama ezomile	10,000+ mm	Ingangeni manzi ngaphansi kokucwiliswa emanzini kafushane

I-ISO 811, JIS L 1092, kanye ne-EN 343 ichaza izimo zokuhlola, kodwa ukuqina komhlaba wangempela kuyehla 40–60% ngemuva kokulimala noma ukuchayeka kwe-UV. Yingakho i- ubhaka wokuqwala ongangeni manzi akukhona nje kuphela ngezinombolo eziphakeme zokuqala—kumayelana nokugcina amanzi angangeni ngemva kwezinyanga zokukhuhla emadwaleni nasezimpandeni zezihlahla.

Izinto Ezingangeni Manzi: I-PU vs TPU vs PVC—Yini Okufanele Abahambi Bazi

I-PU Coating (Polyurethane)

Isixazululo esivame kakhulu futhi ukonga for izikhwama zokuqwala ezingangeni manzi.
Izinzuzo: engasindi, iyavumelana nezimo.
Ubuthakathaka: i-hydrolysis (ukuwohloka komswakama), ukunciphisa ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi ngemva kwezinkathi ezingu-1-2.

I-TPU Lamination (Thermoplastic Polyurethane)

Inketho ye-Premium esetshenziswa kumaphakethe wokuqwala izintaba.
Izinzuzo:
• Isilinganiso se-HH esiphezulu
• Ukumelana kakhulu nokuhuzuka
• Amabhondi angcono kunayiloni
• Isebenza kahle nge-heat-welded seams
• Iphephe ngokwemvelo kunePVC
Ukungalungi: intengo ephezulu.

Uma ufuna a isikhwama esingcono kakhulu sokuhamba ngezinyawo esingangeni manzi semvula, i-TPU iyindinganiso yegolide.

I-PVC Coating

Ingangeni manzi kodwa iyasinda, ikhawulelwe ngokwemvelo, ivinjelwe kwezinye izigaba zangaphandle ze-EU.

Isisindo Sendwangu vs Ukuvimbela amanzi

Ubunzima abulingani nokungangeni kwamanzi okwengeziwe.
Ukuhlolwa kobunjiniyela kubonisa:
• Indwangu ye-420D TPU idlula indwangu ye-600D PU ekuphikisweni kwamanzi nge 2–3×.
• Ikhwalithi yokugqoka ibaluleke ngaphezu kokubala kwabaphikayo.

Ukwakhiwa Kwe-Seam: Into Ebaluleke Kakhulu (futhi Enganakwa Kakhulu) Isici Sokungangeni Manzi

Amanzi amaningi awangeni ngendwangu—kodwa angena imithungo.

1. Ukuthunga Kwendabuko

Izinaliti zakha izimbobo ezingu-5-8 ngesentimitha. Ngisho noma iqoshiwe, ukwehluleka kwesikhathi eside kwenzeka.

2. Ukuthepha ngomthungo

Ithuthukisa ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi kodwa iphula ngokuwasha, ukushisa nokuguquguquka.

3. Ama-Seam Ashiselwe Amazinga Aphezulu (Okuhle kakhulu)

Isetshenziswa professional isikhwama sokuhamba ngezinyawo esingangeni manzi imiklamo.
Izinzuzo:
• Izimbobo yenaliti ezingenalutho
• Ukubopha okungangeni kwamanzi okulinganayo
• Ukuqina kwesikhathi eside

Uma umkhiqizo uchaza umkhiqizo wawo ngokuthi “ungangenisi amanzi” kodwa usebenzisa imithungo ethungiwe engenawo itheyiphu, akusona isikhathi esingangeni manzi.

Amaziphu angangeni manzi: I-SBS, i-YKK nezilinganiso zokucindezela

Oziphu bayindawo yesibili enkulu yokuhluleka.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamaphakethe angangeni manzi e-Premium:
• I-YKK AquaGuard
• Oziphu abangangenisi be-TIZIP
• Amaziphu emvula anesilinganiso sokucindezela

Ojosaka bebhajethi “bangangeni manzi” bavame ukusebenzisa iziphuphu zekhoyili ezivamile ezineziphaphu zerabha. Lokhu kuvikela kuphela emvuleni encane futhi akufanele kubhekwe njengengxenye ye izikhwama zokuhamba zingangeni manzi umklamo.

Ungakwazi Yini Ukwethemba “Izilinganiso Ezingangeni Manzi” Kumalebula Okuthengisa?

Amabhrendi amaningi athembele kumagama enziwe lula:
• “Ivikela imvula”
• “Ukuvikela isimo sezulu”
• “Okunqanda amanzi”
• “Ilungele isiphepho”

Akukho kulokhu okuhambisana namazinga e-ANSI, ISO noma EN.
Ikhanda le-hydrostatic + kuphela ubuchwepheshe bomthungo + ubunjiniyela bokuklama obungakwazi ukuchaza isikhwama sokuhamba ngezinyawo ukusetshenziswa komhlaba wangempela.

Isikhwama sokuqwala esingangenwa amanzi esivivinywa imvula yomhlaba wangempela ezintabeni, esibonisa amaconsi amanzi futhi siphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nokuthembeka kwesilinganiso sangempela esingangeni manzi.

Isikhwama sokuqwala esingangeni manzi emvuleni enkulu yasezintabeni, esibonisa ukuthi izilinganiso zokumaketha ezivikela amanzi zivame ukuhluka kanjani ekusebenzeni kwangempela kwempilo.

Imithetho Yemboni Ethinta Ojosaka Abangangeni Manzi ngo-2024–2025

Kusukela ngo-2023, imikhawulo ye-PFAS e-EU nasezifundeni ezimbalwa zase-US ivimbela amakhemikhali amaningi afa angangeni.

Lokhu kuholele ekutheni:
• Ukwamukelwa kwe-TPU kwamahhala kwe-PFAS
• Ama-eco-coatings amasha angena esikhundleni sokuqedwa kwe-DWR
• Amazinga okuhlola abuyekeziwe egiye langaphandle

Kwabathekelisi, ukuthobela i-EN 343 kanye ne-REACH kuya ngokuya kudingekile ezinkontilekeni zokuthenga ngobuningi ezingaphezu kwamayunithi angama-500. A yesimanje isikhwama sokuhamba ngezinyawo esingangeni manzi kufanele ilinganise ukusebenza nokuhambisana nemithetho.

Isikhwama Sokuqwala Amanzi Esingenawo Amanzi Singamelana Nemvula?

Ukuvimbela amanzi akuyona kanambambili. Awukho ubhaka “ongenamanzi ngokuphelele phakade.”
Idatha yokuhlola evela ezifundweni zokuvakasha ibonisa:

• Izikhwama eziboshwe nge-PU → ukwehluleka ngemva kwamahora angu-1–2 emvula enkulu
• Amaphakethe we-TPU-laminated → hlala ungangeni emanzini kuze kube amahora angu-6
• Roll-top izikhwama ezomile → ukumelana nokucwiliswa isikhashana

Ukusebenza kwangempela kuncike kokuthi:

• Amandla emvula (kukalwa ngo-mm/ihora)
• Ukukhathala komthungo
• Ingcindezi evela kokuqukethwe kwephakethe
• I-engeli yomthelela wemvula
• Wicking ngezintambo zamahlombe

A isikhwama sokuhamba ngezinyawo esingangeni manzi ikhangiswe ngokuthi “5000mm” ingasinda kuphela 120-180 imizuzu yemvula eqhubekayo yasezindaweni ezishisayo.

Iqiniso Ngezembozo Zemvula: Ziwusizo, Kodwa Hhayi Ukuvimbela Amanzi

Abaningi abaqwala izintaba bacabanga ukuthi izembozo zemvula “zizokwenza noma yiliphi iphakethe lingangeni manzi.”
Akulona iqiniso.

Amakhava emvula awaphumeleli ngenxa:

• Izikhala ezingezansi zokudonsa amanzi
• Ukuphakamisa umoya
• Ukuhushulwa emagatsheni ezihlahla
• Ukuhlanganisa amanzi ngemuva kwamabhande ehlombe
• Ukunwetshwa kwamanzi ngephaneli elingemuva

Ikhava yemvula inhle kakhulu ukumelana nesimo sezulu, kodwa ayikwazi ukufaka esikhundleni se-TPU lamination noma imithungo eshiselwe.

Uma ufuna ukomisa okuqinisekisiwe, khetha a ubhaka wokuqwala izintaba no:

• Indwangu ye-TPU
• Izithungo ezishiselwe
• Ukuvalwa kwe-roll-top
• Oziphu abangangeni manzi
• Izingxenye zangaphakathi ezomile

Lokhu ukucushwa okusetshenziswe ku- isikhwama sokuhamba esingcono kakhulu esingangeni manzi amamodeli ezindawo zokugibela izintaba ze-alpine kanye ne-marathon.

Iziphi Izici Ezibalulekile Ngempela Esikhwameni Sokuqwala Amanzi Esingenawo Amanzi?

1. Uhlobo Lwempahla

I-TPU > PU > I-PVC yokuvimbela amanzi isikhathi eside nokuthobela imvelo.

2. Isilinganiso Sekholomu Yamanzi

Izinga eliphansi lokuqwala izintaba:
3000mm isimo sezulu esixubile;
5000mm+ ngemvula enkulu.

3. Ukwakhiwa Kwe-Seam

Uma ingashiselwe, ayinamanzi.

4. Uhlobo Lokuvalwa

Amasistimu e-roll-top adlula imiklamo ye-zipper kuphela.

5. Isakhiwo Segumbi

Imiklamo yendawo eyomile yegumbi elilodwa ivimbela ukungcoliswa okuwela lapho iphakethe elilodwa livuza.

6. Ukungenisa umoya

Izikhwama ezingangeni manzi zibamba umswakama-tshala kumaphaneli angemuva aphefumulayo ukuze uvimbele ukuminyana.

7. Ukuhambisana Nomthetho

Bheka i-PFAS-free waterproofing; amazwe amaningi manje akhawula amakhemikhali e-DWR efa.

Izimo Zomhlaba Wangempela: Lapho Ukuvimbela Amanzi Kubaluleke Ngempela

Isimo A: Amahora angu-2 Isiphepho Sentaba

Iphakethe elihlanganiswe nge-PU → izingubo ezimanzi ngaphakathi
Iphakethe le-TPU-laminated → yome isikhathi sonke

Isimo B: Ukuwela Umfula

Iphakethe le-PU → ukuvuza komthungo
I-TPU + roll-top → isinda ekucwilisweni isikhashana

Isimo C: I-Multi-Day Humid Trek

Iphakethe le-PU → i-hydrolysis iqala ngemva kwemijikelezo ephindaphindayo emanzi/eyomile
I-TPU → ukuvimbela amanzi okuzinzile, okungaguquki kuyo yonke isizini

Ngakho-ke Isiphi Isikhwama Sokuqwala Amanzi Okufanele Usikhethe?

Uma ukusebenzisa kwakho kufaka:

• Imizila yebanga elide
• Ingozi yesimo sezulu sase-Alpine
• Ukugcina izinto zikagesi
• Igiya lokuthwebula izithombe
• Uhambo lwezinsuku eziningi

Khetha i-TPU + imithungo eshiselwe + ukuvalwa kwe-roll-top.
Lokhu kulungiselelwa kuhlala kuyindinganiso yegolide kuwo wonke amabhrendi angaphandle akhethekile.

Uma uhamba:

• Uhambo olufushane lwezinsuku
• Ukuconsa okulula
• Ukuhamba emadolobheni

Amaphakethe ane-PU-coated ane-taping eyisisekelo anele.

Ukukhetha okulungile kuncike ngokuphelele esikhathini sokuchayeka, amandla emvula, kanye nokubekezelela kwakho ingozi yokumanzisa amagiya.

FAQ

1. Ingabe ubhaka wokuqwala intaba kufanele ungangeni manzi uma kunemvula enkulu?
Ezimweni zangempela ze-alpine, a Isilinganiso sekhanda se-hydrostatic esingu-5000mm kuhlanganiswe nezithungo ezishiselwe ubuncane obudingekayo ukuze uhlale womile phakathi neziphepho ezithatha amahora angaphezu kwamabili. Ojosaka abahlanganiswe nge-PU abalinganiselwe ngaphansi kuka-2000mm abanele imvula enkulu ende.

2. Ingabe izikhwama zokuqwala ezingangeni manzi azikwazi ngempela ukucwiliswa emanzini?
Ojosaka abaningi abahamba ngezinyawo abaklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwamanzi. Kuphela ojosaka wesitayela sesikhwama esomile enesilinganiso sendwangu engaphezu kuka-10,000mm kanye nemithungo eshiselwe ingamelana nokucwiliswa isikhashana. Izikhwama zokuqwala ezivamile ezingangeni manzi zenzelwe imvula—hhayi ukucwiliswa emanzini okugcwele.

3. Ingabe i-TPU ingcono kune-PU kumajosaka angangeni manzi?
Yebo. I-TPU inikeza ukumelana nokuhuzuka okuphakeme, igcina ukusebenza okungangeni manzi isikhathi eside, isekela imithungo eshiselwe imvamisa ephezulu, futhi iqondana kangcono nemithetho yesimanje yezemvelo engena-PFAS. I-PU iyonga kakhulu kodwa iphuka ngokushesha ezimeni ezinomswakama noma ezimanzi.

4. Ingabe oziphu abangangeni manzi benza umehluko omkhulu?
Yebo. Oziphu abajwayelekile bangavumela ukungena kwamanzi kungakapheli imizuzu. Iziphuphu zezinga eliphezulu ezingangeni manzi njenge-YKK AquaGuard zithuthukisa kakhulu ukuvikeleka, ikakhulukazi emvuleni eqonde ngqo noma ezimeni zokufafazwa kwemifula.

5. Kungani “ubhaka wami ongenamanzi” usaba manzi ngaphakathi?
Ukuvuza okuningi kwenzeka ngemithungo, oziphu abangangeni manzi, noma indwangu lapho okokunamathela sekugugile. Ukuvimbela amanzi kuwuhlelo: uma noma iyiphi ingxenye yehluleka, amanzi agcina engena kubhaka.

Izithenjwa

I-ISO 811 - Izinga Lokuhlola I-Textile Waterproof, Inhlangano Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yokumisa
I-EN 343: Izingubo Zokuzivikela Ezimelene Nemvula, Ikomidi LaseYurophu Lokumisa
"I-Hydrostatic Head Performance in Outdoor Fabrics," I-Textile Research Institute
"I-TPU vs PU Coatings ku-Outdoor Gear," I-Polymer Science Review
"Imikhawulo ye-PFAS Ezinsizakalweni Zangaphandle," I-European Chemicals Agency
"Ukuhlolwa Kwemvula Yomhlaba Wangempela," Inhlangano YaseMelika Yezintaba
"Ukulahleka Kwemihuzuko Nokuvimbela Amanzi Ezindwangu Zenayiloni," Ijenali Yesayensi Yezinto
"Ukuhlola Ukusebenza Kokuvimbela Amanzi Uziphu," Umbiko Wezobuchwepheshe Welebhu Yangaphandle Yegiya

Ukuqonda Okubalulekile: Yini Empeleni Eyenza Isikhwama Sokuqwala Amanzi Esingenamanzi Sithembeke

Isikhwama sokuqwala esingangenwa amanzi sincike kubunjiniyela bezinto ezibonakalayo, izilinganiso ezivivinywe ngengcindezi ezingangenwa amanzi, kanye nobuqotho bengxenye—hhayi amalebula okumaketha.
Ukuqonda ukuthi ubhaka wakho uhlangana kanjani nobude bemvula, ukwakhiwa komthungo, ingcindezi ye-hydrostatic, kanye nemithetho yemvelo kuyisihluthulelo sangempela sokukhetha imodeli efanele.

Kusebenza kanjani ukuvikela amanzi?
Ngendwangu eboshiwe noma elayiniwe, imithungo eshiselwe, nokuvalwa kwezinga eliphezulu okumelana nokucindezela kwamanzi okuchazwa yizindinganiso ze-ISO ne-EN.

Kungani ojosaka abangangeni manzi behluleka?
Ukuhuzuka, ukukhathala komthungo, ukuvuza uziphu, nokuwohloka kwamakhemikhali kunciphisa izilinganiso ezingangeni emanzini ngokufika ku-60% ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwensimu.

Yini ebaluleke kakhulu lapho uthenga?
I-TPU lamination, imithungo eshiselwe, ikhanda le-hydrostatic elingu-3000–5000mm, ukuthobelana kwamahhala kwe-PFAS, kanye nejiyomethri yokuklama evimbela ukuhlanganisa ndawonye.

Izinketho zokucatshangelwa kwabahamba ngezinyawo abahlukene:
Abahamba ngezinyawo ngosuku → Indwangu eboshwe nge-PU + imithungo eqoshiwe.
Abahamba bezinsuku eziningi → i-TPU + imithungo eshiselwe + i-roll-top.
Abathwebuli bezithombe / abasebenzisi be-elekthronikhi → amagumbi omile angaphakathi + oziphu abanomfutho ophezulu.

Uyini umkhuba wesikhathi eside?
Imboni ishintshela ku-TPU, i-PFAS-free coatings, kanye nezinhlanganisela ezithuthukisiwe zokuvimbela amanzi njengoba izindinganiso zemvelo ziqina. Lokhu kuzochaza kabusha ukuthi amabhrendi afuna kanjani ukusebenza okungenamanzi nokuthi abaqwali bakuhlola kanjani ukwethembeka komkhiqizo.

Izindaba