Isingeniso:
Inayiloni njengefayibha yokuqala yokwenziwa emhlabeni wonke, kusukela ekufikeni kwayo ngeminyaka yawo-1930, enesisindo esilula, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukungena ngokushesha emkhakheni wendwangu, izimboni ngisho nezokwelapha. Ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwesikhwama, inayiloni iguquke kancane kancane isuka "entweni esebenzayo" ibe uphawu olusebenzayo futhi olunemfashini. Leli phepha lizoqala kusukela ezicini eziyisisekelo zenayiloni, lihlaziye izinzuzo zalo eziyinhloko nezinselele njengempahla yesikhwama, futhi libheke phambili ekuqondeni okusha okuzayo.
一,Ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwenayiloni
- Isizinda sokuzalwa
Ngo-1935, uWallace Carothers, usokhemisi waseDuPont Company e-United States, wasungula inayiloni, ekuqaleni eyayihloselwe ukuvala usilika wemvelo oyivelakancane. 1938 amasokisi enayiloni aphuma, abangela ukuxhamazela kokuthenga; Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, inayiloni yayisetshenziswa futhi kumapharashuthi, iyunifomu yezempi nezinye izinto, yaba “umcu wokunqoba.” - Imvelo yamakhemikhali
- Igama lekhemikhali: I-Polyamide, inani lama-athomu ekhabhoni echungechungeni lamangqamuzana linquma uhlobo (njengenayiloni 6, inayiloni 66).
- Umthombo wezinto zokusetshenziswa: imikhiqizo ye-petrochemical (benzene, ammonia, njll.), eyakhiwe yi-polycondensation ukwenza imicu.
二,Izici eziyinhloko zenayiloni
- Izici ezingokomzimba
- Amandla aphezulu: Ukumelana nezinyembezi kuphindwe ka-10 ukotini, ukumelana nokugqokwa okuhle kakhulu.
- Isisindo esincane:Ngokuminyana okungu-1.14g/cm³ kuphela, ilula kunemicu eminingi yemvelo.
- I-Elasticity kanye nokumelana nemibimbi:Ingabuyiselwa esimweni sayo sokuqala ngemva kokunwetshwa, futhi akulula ukushiya imigoqo.
- Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali
- Ukumelana nokugqwala:Imelana ne-asidi ebuthakathaka, i-alkali ebuthakathaka kanye nokuguguleka kukawoyela.
- I-hygroscopicity ephansi:Ukumuncwa kwamanzi okungaba ngu-4%, ome ngokushesha futhi akulula ukubola.
- Icubungula izici
- Kulula ukudaya nemibala ekhanyayo, kodwa kudinga inqubo yokulungisa umbala wokushisa okuphezulu.
- Ingathuthukiswa ngokuhlanganisa (njenge-PU ungqimba olungangeni manzi) noma i-laminating.
Izinzuzo Inayiloni
三,Ukusetshenziswa kwenayiloni emkhakheni wesikhwama
- “Impahla yegolide” yezikhwama ezisebenzayo”
- Ubhaka wangaphandle:Yenziwe ngenayiloni enokuminyana okuphezulu (isb. Inayiloni engu-1000D), imelana nokuklwejwa kwedwala (isb., isikhwama se-Osprey hiking).
- Ipotimende:Izici ezingasindi zinciphisa umthwalo wokuthumela (isb. I-Rimowa Essential Series).
- Isikhwama se-messenger esingangeni manzi: Izindwangu zenayiloni ezine-PU coating azinamanzi ngokuphelele (njenge-TUMI Alpha series).
- Linganisa imfashini nokusebenza
- I-Luxury Design:Iqoqo le-Prada elithi "Nylon Black" ligqabula amaketango esikhumba somdabu futhi lihumusha ukunethezeka kokhiye ophansi ngokuthungwa kwe-matte.
- Isikhwama sase-Urban Commuting:Idizayini enayiloni engazweli izinyembezi +, ifanele ukuthwala ikhompyutha ephathekayo (njengesikhwama sakwaHerschel).
- Isikhwama sesigameko esikhethekile
- Ikhithi yemishini yezithombe:Ingaphakathi ligcwele isipontshi senayiloni, esingangethuki futhi esingagugi (njengesikhwama sekhamera sePeak Design).
- Iphakethe le-Military Tactical:Inayiloni yeCordura® ithuthukisa ukumelana nokugqokwa kanye ne-ADAPTS ezindaweni eziyingozi kakhulu.
Ukusimama kwenayiloni
四,Ukuhlaziywa kwezinzuzo kanye nokubi kwenayiloni njengempahla yesikhwama
| Inzuzo | Ukushoda | Isixazululo |
| Isisindo esincane:Yehlisa umthwalo wokuthwala | Ukungangeni kahle komoya:umgqumeni | Umklamo wendwangu ye-back mesh |
| Amandla aphezulu nokumelana nokugqoka:Impilo ende | Ukungabekezelelani kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu:Ukuchayeka elangeni kubangela ukuguga | Engeza i-anti-UV enamathela |
| Ingangeni manzi futhi kulula ukuyihlanza:Ayikwazi ukumelana nebala | Uthuli lwe-electrostatic | Ukwelashwa kwe-ejenti ye-Antistatic |
| Izindleko ezilawulekayo: Ukusebenza kwezindleko eziphezulu | Kunzima ukuthinta | Hlanganisa (isb. Inayiloni + i-polyester) |
| Ukumelana ne-elastic ku-deformation | Ingxabano yokuvikela imvelo:Ukumelana nokwehliswa | Sebenzisa inayiloni egaywe kabusha (ECONYL®) |
五,I-future trend: Indlela entsha yezikhwama zenayiloni
- Ukufinyelela ezintweni ezisimeme
- inayiloni egaywe kabusha:Ubuchwepheshe be-Aquafil's ECONYL® bubuyisela emuva amanetha okudoba nomakhaphethi alahliwe enayiloni yekhwalithi ephezulu, esetshenziswa i-Patagonia, i-Gucci nezinye izinhlobo.
- Inayiloni yebhayoloji:I-Dupont Sorona® isebenzisa ushukela wezitshalo, njengommbila, ukunciphisa ukuncika kuwoyela.
- Inhlanganisela esebenzayo
- Inayiloni ehlakaniphile:Amafayibha ashumekiwe ahambayo noma izinzwa zokushaja nokubeka imisebenzi (njenge-Targus ubhaka ohlakaniphile).
- I-self-healing coating:Imihuzuko emincane ingalungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokushisa, inwebe impilo yesikhwama.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kobuhle nenqubo
- Inayiloni elukiwe ye-3D:Ubuchwepheshe bokubumba besiqephu esisodwa bunciphisa imithungo futhi buthuthukise ubuhle namandla (uchungechunge lwe-Adidas Futurecraft).
- Indwangu eshintsha umbala: Shintsha imibala ngokwezinga lokushisa noma ukukhanya ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zomuntu ngamunye.
- Ukuphumelela kobuchwepheshe bokuvikela imvelo
- Inayiloni ewohlokayo:Ososayensi benze inayiloni enesakhiwo esikhethekile se-enzymatic esiphuka ngokushesha ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.
Indwangu enayiloni engangeni manzi
Isiphetho
Inayiloni yasuka elebhu yaya emhlabeni, ifakazela amandla angenamkhawulo wezinto zokwenziwa. Emkhakheni wezikhwama, kokubili "izikhali zempi ezingabonakali" zabahloli bangaphandle kanye nesitatimende semfashini sabaphezulu basemadolobheni. Naphezu kwezinselelo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo nokunethezeka, inayiloni ithuthuka ngendlela esimeme futhi enobuntu ngokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuvuselela kabusha, izinto ezisekelwe ku-bio-based kanye nezinqubo ezihlakaniphile. Esikhathini esizayo, izikhwama ze-nylon zingase zingabi kuphela iziqukathi, kodwa futhi zibe uphawu lwe-symbiosis phakathi kobuchwepheshe nemvelo.
