Isifinyezo Esisheshayo: Ukugcinwa okufanele kwezikhwama zokugibela izintaba kubalulekile ukuze kulondolozwe ukusebenza, ukuphepha, nobuqotho bempahla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukujuluka, uthuli, umswakama, nokomiswa ngendlela engafanele kancane kancane kwenza izindwangu, ama-coatings, iziphuphu, nezakhiwo ezithwala umthwalo zibe buthaka. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ukuthi ungasihlanza nini futhi kanjani isikhwama sokuqwala izintaba, usomisa kanjani futhi usigcine ngendlela efanele, nokuthi izinqumo zokunakekela zesikhathi eside zikuthinta kanjani ngqo ukuqina, ukunethezeka, nokwethembeka ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela kwangaphandle.
Kungani Ukugcinwa Okufanelekile Kwesikhwama Sokuqwala Izintaba Kubaluleke Kakhulu Kunokuba Ucabanga
Ngemva kokuhamba usuku olude emahlathini amanzi, ezindleleni ezinothuli, noma izimo zasehlobo ezinomswakama, abaningi abaqwala izintaba bawahlanza ngokwemvelo amabhuzu abo futhi bawashe izingubo zabo. Nokho, isikhwama sokuqwala izintaba ngokuvamile sishiywa singakathintwa. Lo mkhuba unciphisa kancane kancane isikhathi sokuphila se-backpack, ngisho nalapho ubukeka wamukelekile ngaphandle.
A isikhwama sokuhamba ngezinyawo akusona nje isitsha sendwangu. Iwuhlelo oluthwalayo oluklanyelwe ukusabalalisa isisindo emahlombe, emuva, nezinqulu kuyilapho ivikela amagiya abalulekile ekuchayekeni kwemvelo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umjuluko, uthuli olucolekileyo, isihlabathi, imisebe ye-UV, nokomiswa ngendlela engafanele kwenza kancane kancane izindwangu zibe buthaka, kwehlisa isithunzi esinalekiwe, futhi kulimaze izingxenye zesakhiwo. Lezi zinguquko azivamile ukuzuma. Kunalokho, anqwabelana buthule kuze kube yilapho oziphu ehluleka, izintambo zilahlekelwa ukunwebeka, ikhasi lezinto zokumboza, noma amapaneli angemuva athuthukisa iphunga eliqhubekayo nokuqina.
Ukunakekelwa okufanele akuphathelene nokubukeka kwezimonyo. Imayelana nokugcina ukusebenza, ukugcina imingcele yokuphepha, nokwelula ubuqotho bezinto ezibonakalayo kuyo yonke iminyaka yokusetshenziswa. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ukuthi zihlanzwa kanjani, zomiswe, zigcinwe futhi zigcinwe kanjani izikhwama zokuhamba izintaba ngendlela efanele, ngokusekelwe kusayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo, izimo zangaphandle zangempela, izimiso zokuhlola ukuqina, kanye nezindinganiso zomkhakha ezithuthukayo.
Ukugeza ingaphakathi likabhaka wokuqwala ngamanzi ahlanzekile kusiza ukususa umjuluko, ukungcola, nezinsalela ezingalimaza izindwangu, okokunamathela, noziphu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukuqonda Izinto Zesikhwama Sokuqwala Izintaba Ngaphambi Kokuhlanza
Izindwangu Ezivamile Ezisetshenziswa Ezikhwameni Zokuqwala Izintaba
Izikhwama eziningi zesimanje zokuhamba ngezinyawo zenziwe ngezindwangu ezilukiwe zokwenziwa, ngokuyinhloko inayiloni ne-polyester. Lezi zinto zikhethwa ngokwesilinganiso samandla nesisindo, ukumelana nokuhuzuka, nokuziphatha komswakama.
Inayiloni ivamise ukucaciswa kusetshenziswa izilinganiso zokuphika ezifana ne-210D, 420D, 600D, noma 900D. I-Denier ibhekisela esilinganisweni sentambo ngamamitha angu-9,000. I-denier ephakeme ngokuvamile ibonisa izintambo eziminyene kanye nokumelana nokuhuzuka okukhulu, kodwa futhi nesisindo esikhulayo.
Ezikhwameni zomhlaba wangempela zokuhamba izintaba:
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Inayiloni engu-210D ivamise ukusetshenziswa kumaphakethe wezinsuku ezingasindi namaphaneli anengcindezi ephansi
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Inayiloni engu-420D ithuthukisa ukumelana nokuhuzuka cishe ngamaphesenti angama-30 kuye kwangama-40 uma kuqhathaniswa no-210D
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Inayiloni engu-600D ukuya ku-900D ivamise ukusetshenziswa kuzisekelo zamaphakethe nasezindaweni ezigqoke kakhulu
Izindwangu ze-polyester nazo zisetshenziswa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezichayeka kakhulu elangeni. I-polyester igcina amandla aqinile kangcono kunenayiloni ngaphansi kwemisebe ye-UV enwetshiwe, nakuba ngokuvamile inikeza ukumelana okuphansi kwezinyembezi ezingeni elifanayo le-denier.
Izindlela zokuhlanza eziphephile kolunye uhlobo lwendwangu zingasheshisa ukuguga kolunye. Ukuqonda ukwakheka kwendwangu kubalulekile ngaphambi kokufaka amanzi, okokuhlanza, noma isenzo somshini.
Izingubo Zokugcotshwa kanye Nokwelapha Okungaphezulu Okuthinta Ukuhlanza
Iningi izikhwama zokuhamba thembela ekugqokeni kwangaphakathi noma kwangaphandle ukuze kuzuzwe ukumelana namanzi. Izindlela zokwelapha ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa i-polyurethane (PU) coatings, i-thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) laminates, kanye ne-durable water repellent (DWR) finishes esetshenziswa endwangu yangaphandle.
Izingubo ze-PU ziwohloka kancane kancane nge-hydrolysis, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okusheshiswa ukushisa nomswakama. Izihlanzi ezinolaka, ukucwiliswa emanzini isikhathi eside, noma ukugeza ngamanzi ashisayo kungakhuphula izinga lokuqhekeka kwezingubo ngamaphesenti angu-25 kuya kwangu-40 ngaphezu kwemijikelezo yokuhlanza ephindaphindiwe.
Ukwelashwa kwe-DWR kuzwela kakhulu kuma-surfactants kanye nezithambisa izindwangu. Ukugeza okungafanele kunganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokuxosha amanzi ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-50 ngemva kokugeza kanye. Yingakho izinto zokuhlanza izingubo ezijwayelekile zingafanelekile ukulungiswa kwezikhwama zokuhamba.
Izingxenye Zesakhiwo Ezidinga Ukunakwa Okukhethekile
Ngaphandle kwendwangu nezingubo, izikhwama zokuhamba ngezinyawo ziqukethe izingxenye zesakhiwo ezizwela kakhulu kumswakama nokushisa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amaphaneli angemuva egwebu, ukuhlala kwe-aluminium, amashidi ohlaka lwepulasitiki, izindawo zokuthunga eziqinisiwe, kanye newebhu ethwala umthwalo.
Amanzi avaleleke ngaphakathi kwamaphaneli egwebu angathatha phakathi kwamahora angama-24 kuya kwangu-72 ukuhwamuka ngokuphelele uma izimo zokomisa zingezinhle. Umswakama omude wenza buthaka izibopho zokunamathela, ukhuthaze ukukhula kwamagciwane, futhi usheshise ukuwohloka kwegwebu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kunciphisa ukuthwala ukunethezeka nokusebenza kokungena komoya emuva.
Kufanele Uhlanze Nini Isikhwama Sokuqwala Izintaba?
Ukuhlanza Imvamisa Ngokusekelwe Ekusetshenzisweni Kwamandla
Imvamisa yokuhlanza kufanele inqunywe izinga lokuchayeka kunesikhathi sekhalenda. Isikhwama sokugibela izintaba esisetshenziswa ezindleleni ezomile, ezimfushane idinga ukunakekelwa okuncane kakhulu kunaleyo echayeke odakeni, umjuluko, noma ezindaweni ezisogwini.
Imihlahlandlela evamile esekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwenkundla:
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Ukusetshenziswa okulula: ukuhlanza njalo ukuphuma okungu-8 kuye kwayi-12
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Ukusetshenziswa okusesilinganisweni: ukuhlanza njalo izikhathi ezi-4 ukuya kweziyisi-6
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Ukusetshenziswa kanzima: ukuhlanza ngemva kohambo ngalunye
Ukuhlanza ngokweqile kungaba yingozi njengokunganakwa. Ukugeza ngokweqile kusheshisa ukukhathala kwe-fiber, ukuwohloka kwe-coating, kanye nengcindezi yomthungo.
Izimpawu Zokuthi Isikhwama Sokuqwala Izintaba Sidinga Ukuhlanzwa Ngokushesha
Izinkomba ezithile ziphakamisa ukuthi ukubambezeleka kokuhlanza kungase kubangele umonakalo wesikhathi eside. Iphunga eliqhubekayo libonisa ukusebenza kwebhaktheriya ngaphakathi kwezingqimba zegwebu nezendwangu. Amabala kasawoti abonakalayo abonisa izinsalela zokujuluka eziheha umswakama futhi zenze imicu ibe buthaka. Ukunqwabelana kwegrit eduze noziphu nemithungo kukhulisa ukuhuzuka nokuguga kwemishini.
Amakristalu kasawoti ashiywe kusuka kumjuluko omisiwe angakhuphula i-fiber brittleness yendawo ngamaphesenti angu-10 kuya kwangu-15 ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziguquguqukayo ezifana namabhande ehlombe.
Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo Umhlahlandlela Wokuhlanza Isikhwama Sokuqwala Ngokuphepha
Ukulungiselela Ngaphambi Kokuhlanza
Ngaphambi kokugeza a i-backpack yokuhamba ngezinyawo, wonke amagumbi kufanele angabi nalutho ngokuphelele. Izingxenye ezikhishwayo ezifana nokuhlala kwe-aluminium, amafreyimu epulasitiki, noma amabhande e-hip akhiphekayo kufanele akhishwe uma kungenzeka. Zonke izintambo namabhande kufanele athukululwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukungezwani ngesikhathi sokuhlanza.
Isihlabathi esixegayo kanye nemfucumfucu kufanele inyakaziswe noma isuswe. Ukweqa lesi sinyathelo kuvumela izinhlayiya ezilumayo ukuthi zigaye ngokumelene nendwangu kanye nemithungo ngesikhathi sokugeza.
Ukugeza Izandla Kuqhathaniswa Nokugeza Umshini
Ukugeza izandla kuyindlela ekhethwayo yezikhwama zokuhamba ngezinyawo. Ivumela ukuhlanza okulawulwayo ngaphandle kokwethula ukucindezeleka okweqile kwemishini.
Ukugeza umshini kungakhubaza izakhiwo zegwebu, kuqhekeze amabhande epulasitiki, futhi kwenze buthaka ukuthungwa emithungoni enomthwalo omkhulu. Ukuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri ngokukhathala kwendwangu kukhombisa ukuthi ukunyakaziswa komshini okuphindaphindiwe kunganciphisa amandla omthungo ngamaphesenti angama-20.
Uma ukugeza ngomshini kungenakugwenywa, kufanele kusetshenziswe amanzi abandayo kuphela, anomjikelezo omnene noma wokugeza izandla kanye nesivinini esincane sokujikeleza.
Ukukhetha ama-ejenti okuhlanza alungile
Kufanele kusetshenziswe kuphela izinsipho ezithambile, ezingawashi noma izihlanzi ze-pH ezingathathi hlangothi. Izihlanzi ezinamandla ezine-alkaline, i-bleach, izinto ezithambisa izindwangu, nezihlanzi ezisekelwe ku-solvent kufanele kugwenywe ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ukugxila okusebenzayo kuvamise ukuba amamililitha angu-5 kuya kwangu-10 okuhlanza ilitha ngalinye lamanzi. Ukugxila okuphezulu akuthuthukisi ukusebenza kahle kokuhlanza futhi esikhundleni salokho kusheshisa ukuwohloka kwe-coating.
Ukomisa Isikhwama Sokuqwala Izintaba Ngendlela Elungile
Kungani Ukomisa Okungafanele Kubangela Ukulimala Kwesikhathi Eside
Ukomisa kungenye yezinyathelo ezibukelwa phansi kakhulu ekunakekeleni izikhwama zokugibela izintaba. Ojosaka abaningi ababonakala bephilile ngokwesakhiwo bayehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yokomiswa ngendlela engafanele esikhundleni sokwakhiwa kabi noma ukusetshenziswa kanzima.
Ukushisa okweqile kulimaza kakhulu. Izingubo ze-polyurethane ziqala ukuthamba futhi zihlukane emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-50°C. Ukuchayeka kuma-radiator, ukomisa, noma ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kungabangela amabhamuza, ukuxebuka, noma ukuqhekeka kwezindwangu zangaphakathi. Uma le nqubo iqala, ukumelana kwamanzi kwehla ngokushesha futhi akukwazi ukubuyiselwa ngokugcwele.
Umswakama ovalelwe ngaphakathi kwamaphaneli egwebu kungenye inkinga enkulu. Igwebu elisetshenziswa kumaphaneli angemuva nakumabhande ehlombe aklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngosizo ngenkathi ivumela ukugeleza komoya. Uma umswakama uhlala ubambekile, wenza buthaka izibopho zokunamathela futhi udale indawo ekahle yokukhula kwamagciwane nesikhunta. Lokhu kuholela ephunga eliqhubekayo, ukunethezeka okuncishisiwe, nokuwa kancane kancane kwesakhiwo segwebu.
Izindlela Zokomisa Ezinconyiwe
Indlela ephephile yokomisa iwukoma komoya wemvelo endaweni enomthunzi, enomoya omuhle. Isikhwama kufanele sivulwe ngokugcwele, kube nezingxenye ezihlukene ukuze kwandiswe ukugeleza komoya. Ukukhipha isikhwama ngaphakathi phakathi nesigaba sokuqala sokumisa kusiza ukuphunyuka komswakama kusuka ezingqimbeni zangaphakathi.
Ukulengisa isikhwama esikhundleni sokusibeka phansi kuvumela amandla adonsela phansi ukusiza ukugeleza kwamanzi. Ngokuya ngomswakama nokugeleza komoya, ukomisa ngokuphelele ngokuvamile kuthatha phakathi kwamahora ayi-12 nangama-36. Ezindaweni ezinomswakama, ukomisa kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside, futhi ukubekezela kubalulekile.
Imithombo yokushisa yokwenziwa akufanele neze isetshenziswe, noma ngabe ukomisa kubonakala kuhamba kancane. Umonakalo wesikhathi eside obangelwa ukushisa ukudlula kude ukunethezeka kokumisa ngokushesha.
Oziphu, Amabhande, kanye Nokugcinwa Kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha
Ukuhlanza Nokugcina Oziphu
Oziphu ziphakathi kwezingxenye ezivame ukwehluleka kakhulu zezikhwama zokugibela izintaba, hhayi ngenxa yokuklanywa kabi, kodwa ngenxa yokungcola. Isihlabathi esihle nothuli izinhlayiya zinqwabelana phakathi kwamazinyo uziphu nangaphakathi kwesilayidi. Ngaso sonke isikhathi uma kudonswa uziphu, lezi zinhlayiya zisebenza njengama-abrasives, zikhulisa ukuguga.
Ngisho nenani elincane legrit lingabangela ukumelana neziphu ukuthi kukhule kakhulu. Ucwaningo olumayelana nokugqokwa kwemishini lubonisa ukuthi izinhlayiya ezilumayo zingasheshisa ukuguga kwamazinyo kaziphu ngamaphesenti angu-30 kuya kwangu-40 ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngemuva kokuhamba ngezinyawo ezinothuli noma eziyisihlabathi, iziphuphu kufanele zihlanjululwe kahle ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Ibhulashi elithambile lingasetshenziswa ukususa izinhlayiya ezishumekiwe. Ezindaweni ezomile, ukuthambisa ngezikhathi ezithile ngesigcobo esiqondene neziphu kusiza ukugcina ukusebenza kahle. Ukugcotshwa ngokweqile kufanele kugwenywe, ngoba kuheha ukungcola.
Amabhakede, Amasistimu Wokulungisa, kanye ne-Hardware Yokulayisha
Amabhande epulasitiki nezinto zokulungisa zizwela kukho kokubili izinga lokushisa nokuchayeka kwe-UV. Ukuchayeka elangeni isikhathi eside kunciphisa kancane kancane ukumelana nomthelela, kuyilapho amazinga okushisa abandayo enyusa ukonakala.
Ngaphansi kokuthi -10°C, amabhande epulasitiki amaningi ajwayele ukuqhekeka ngaphansi komthwalo. Ukuhlola njalo kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuqwala izintaba ebusika noma uhambo oluhilela imithwalo esindayo. Noma yiziphi izimpawu zengcindezi ziba mhlophe noma ukuqhekeka zibonisa ukuphepha kwesakhiwo esincishisiwe.
Isigaba esiphambanayo sobuchwepheshe esibonisa umehluko wesakhiwo phakathi kwesistimu yeziphu ye-SBS ne-YKK, egxile ekubunjweni kwekhoyili, iphrofayili yamazinyo, nokwakheka kwetheyiphu esetshenziswa ezikhwameni zokuhamba ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ukulawula Iphunga Nokuphathwa Kwenhlanzeko
Kungani Izikhwama Zokuhamba Zithuthukisa Iphunga Eliqhubekayo
Ukuthuthukiswa kwephunga akuyona nje indaba yenhlanzeko. Umjuluko uqukethe usawoti, amaprotheni, nama-fatty acids angena ezingqimbeni zendwangu namagwebu. Amagciwane adla lezi zinhlanganisela, akhiqiza imikhiqizo ebangela iphunga.
Uma amagciwane eseqoqe amagwebu, ukuhlanzwa kwendawo kukodwa akwanele. Ngaphandle kokugeza ngokuphelele nokomisa ngokuphelele, iphunga libuya ngokushesha, ngezinye izikhathi phakathi namahora okusetshenziswa.
Amasu Aphephile Okususa Iphunga
Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokulawula iphunga inhlanganisela yokugeza ngokuphelele nokomisa okwenwetshiwe. Kwezinye izimo, izixazululo ze-asidi ezixutshiwe ezifana nokugeza uviniga ogxilile ophansi kungasiza ukunciphisa amagciwane abangela iphunga. Ukugxila kufanele kuhlale kuphansi ukugwema ukulimala kwendwangu.
Ukujikeleza komoya kubaluleke ngokufanayo. Ukungena komoya isikhathi eside phakathi kokusetshenziswa kunciphisa kakhulu ukukhula kwamagciwane. Ukufihla iphunga ngezifutho noma amakha akunconyiwe, ngoba akubheki umsebenzi we-microbial oyisisekelo futhi kungase kube kubi kakhulu ukugcinwa komswakama.
Isitoreji Sesikhathi Eside Nokunakekelwa Kwesizini
Ungasigcina Kanjani Isikhwama Sokuqwala Izintaba Phakathi Kwezinkathi Zonyaka
Ukugcinwa okungalungile kuyimbangela evamile yokwehluleka kwe-backpack ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Izikhwama zokugibela izintaba akufanele neze zigcinwe zimanzi, zicindezelwe, noma zivezwe elangeni eliqondile.
Izimo zokulondoloza ezifanele zihlanganisa:
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Umswakama ohlobene ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angama-60
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Amazinga okushisa azinzile ngaphandle kokushisa okukhulu
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Ukucindezelwa okuncane kwegwebu nezingxenye zesakhiwo
Ukulengisa isikhwama noma ukusigcina sigxishwe ngokukhululekile ngezinto eziphefumulayo kusiza ukulondoloza ukwakheka nokuqina kwe-padding. Ukucindezelwa kwesikhathi eside kunciphisa umthamo we-foam rebound futhi kushintsha ukusebenza kokusabalalisa umthwalo.
Uhlu Lokuhlola Ngaphambi Kwesizini
Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesizini entsha yokugibela izintaba, ukuhlola okuphelele kusiza ukuhlonza izinkinga ezingase zibe khona kusenesikhathi. Amaphoyinti angukhiye afaka ukushelela koziphu, ukunwebeka kwebhande, ubuqotho bokuthunga ezindaweni ezinengcindezi ephezulu, kanye nokuzinza kozimele okuphelele.
Ukuhlola isikhwama ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo omncane kuvumela izinkinga ukuthi zivele ngaphambi kokuba zibe bucayi ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwangempela.
Lungisa noma Faka esikhundleni? Ukwazi Umehluko
Izinkinga Ezivamile Ezingalungiswa
Izinkinga eziningi ezijwayelekile zezikhwama zokuhamba ziyalungiseka. Imihuzuko emincane yendwangu, ukuthungwa okuxekethile, noziphu abaqinile ngokuvamile kungabhekwana nokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo noma izinsiza zokukhanda ezichwepheshile.
Ukulungisa ngokushesha kuvimbela izinkinga ezincane ekukhuleni zibe ukwehluleka kwesakhiwo.
Lapho Ukushintshwa Kuyinketho Ephephile
Izinkinga ezithile zibonisa ukuthi ukumiselela kuyinketho ephephile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amafreyimu aqhekekile noma akhubazekile, i-delamination yokugqoka esabalele, namaphaneli egwebu agoqe unomphela.
Lapho uhlelo lokuthwala umthwalo lungasabeki isisindo ngokulinganayo, ingozi yokulimala iyanda kakhulu. Kulesi sigaba, ukulungiswa akukwazi ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwasekuqaleni.
Amathrendi Embonini Ekuqineni Nokunakekela Kwesikhwama Sokuhamba
I-Material Innovation kanye Nokuphila Okude
Imboni yangaphandle iya ngokuya igxila ezintweni ezinikeza ukumelana okuphezulu kwe-abrasion ngesisindo esiphansi. Izindwangu zanamuhla zihlose ukuzuza imijikelezo eminingi yokuhuzuka ngegremu ngayinye, ukuthuthukisa ukuqina ngaphandle kokwandisa isisindo sephakethe.
Ubuchwepheshe bokunamathela obuthuthukisiwe bokunamathela kunciphisa ukuxebuka kanye ne-hydrolysis, kuyilapho ukuthuthuka kokwakheka kwegwebu kuthuthukisa ukuqina kwesikhathi eside.
Ukusimama kanye nokucatshangelwa kokulawula
Imithethonqubo yezemvelo ibumba kabusha kokubili izindlela zokukhiqiza nezokunakekela. Imikhawulo kumakhemikhali ayingozi ithonya ukwakheka kwe-coating kanye nama-ejenti okuhlanza anconyiwe.
Abathengi baya ngokuya bekhuthazwa ukuthi banwebe ubude besikhathi sokuphila komkhiqizo ngokunakekela okufanele kunokushintshwa njalo, baqondanise izinqubo zokunakekela nemigomo yokusimama.
Amaphutha Avamile Okugcinwa Kwezintaba Awenziwa Abagibeli
Amaphutha avamile ahlanganisa ukuhlanza ngokweqile, ukusebenzisa okokuhlanza okungalungile, ukomisa ngokushisa, ukuziba izinkinga ezincane zehadiwe, nokugcina izikhwama endaweni enomswakama.
Iphutha ngalinye lisheshisa ukuwohloka kwezinto futhi lehlise ubude bempilo yokusebenza.
Isiphetho: Ukunakekelwa Okufanelekile Kwelula Ukusebenza, Hhayi Kuphela Isikhathi Sokuphila
Ukunakekela isikhwama sokuqwala izintaba akuphathelene nokubukeka. Imayelana nokugcina ukusebenza, ukunethezeka, nokuphepha. Ukuhlanza okucatshangelwayo, ukomisa ngokucophelela, ukuhlola okuvamile, nokugcinwa okufanele kuqinisekisa ukuthi isikhwama sokuqwala intaba siyaqhubeka sisebenza njengoba siklanywe.
Ngokulungiswa okulungile, isikhwama sokuhamba ngezinyawo esakhiwe kahle singahlala sithembekile iminyaka, sisekela amamayela angenakubalwa okuhlola ngaphandle.
FAQ
1. Kufanele ngihlanze kangaki isikhwama sami sokugibela izintaba?
Izikhwama eziningi zokuhamba ngezinyawo kufanele zihlanzwe njalo izikhathi ezi-4 kuya kwezingu-12, kuye ngokuchayeka komjuluko, uthuli, udaka, nomswakama. Izikhwama ezisetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinomswakama, ezinodaka, noma ezijuluke kakhulu zingase zidinge ukuhlanzwa ngemva kohambo ngalunye ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuwohloka kwezinto kanye nokunqwabelana kwephunga.
2. Ngingakwazi ukugeza isikhwama sokuhamba ngezinyawo emshinini wokuwasha?
Ukugeza umshini ngokuvamile akunconyiwe, njengoba ukuyaluza kwemishini kungalimaza amagwebu, ukuthungwa, okokunamathela, nehardware. Ukugeza izandla ngezihlanzi ezithambile, ezingathathi hlangothi kuyindlela ephephe kunazo zonke yokugcina isakhiwo kanye nokuqina kwesikhathi eside.
3. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi isikhwama sokuqwala izintaba some ngokuphelele?
Ukomisa komoya ngokuvamile kuthatha amahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-36, kuye ngomswakama, ukugeleza komoya, nokwakhiwa kwezikhwama. Ukomisa ngokuphelele kubalulekile ngaphambi kokugcina ukuvimbela ukukhula kwesikhunta, ukwakheka kwephunga, kanye nokulimala kwegwebu noma ukunamathela.
4. Yini edala ukuthi amaziphu ezikhwama zokuhamba ahluleke?
Ukuhluleka kuziphu kuvame ukubangelwa ukunqwabelana kwegrit nesihlabathi, ukuntuleka kokuhlanza okuvamile, namandla okudonsa ngokweqile. Izimpawu zakuqala zihlanganisa ukumelana nokwanda noma ukunyakaza okungalingani, okungase kuvame ukuxazululwa ngokuhlanza nokugcinwa ngesikhathi.
5. Kufanele ngishintshe nini isikhwama sami sokugibela izintaba esikhundleni sokusilungisa?
Ukushintshwa kuyatuswa uma izingxenye zesakhiwo ezifana namafreyimu, amaphaneli egwebu, noma okokuvikelayo kwehluleka futhi kungasakwazi ukusekela ukusatshalaliswa komthwalo okuphephile. Ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kulezi zimo kwandisa ingozi yokungakhululeki nokulimala.
Izithenjwa
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I-Backpack Fabric Durability and Care, Textile Research Journal, uDkt. Roger Barker, North Carolina State University
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I-Polyurethane Coating Degradation in Outdoor Textiles, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, American Chemical Society
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Amasistimu wokuthwala imithwalo kanye ne-Ergonomics ye-Backpack, i-Journal of Human Kinetics, i-International Society of Biomechanics
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Imihlahlandlela Yokunakekelwa Kwezisetshenziswa Zangaphandle, Inhlangano Yezokwelapha Yasehlane
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Imithelela yokuvezwa kwe-UV kuma-Synthetic Fibers, ukuwohloka kwe-Polymer kanye nokuzinza, i-Elsevier
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Ukuhlolwa Kokumelana Nemihuzuko Kwezindwangu Ezilukiweyo, Ikomidi Lezindinganiso Zezindwangu ze-ASTM
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Ukwakhiwa Kwephunga Kumagwebu Okwenziwa, Ijenali ye-Industrial Microbiology
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Ukunakekelwa Komkhiqizo Okuqhubekayo Ezinsizeni Zangaphandle, Iqembu Langaphandle LaseYurophu
Ukuthi Ukunakekela Okufanelekile Kulolonga Kanjani Ukusebenza Kwesikhathi Eside Kwezikhwama Zokuqwala Izintaba
Ukugcinwa kwezikhwama zokuhamba ngezinyawo akuyona inkambiso yezimonyo kodwa isu lokusebenza lesikhathi eside. Ukuhlanza, ukomiswa, nezinqumo zokulondoloza zinethonya ngokuqondile ukuthi izindwangu, ama-coatings, amagwebu okukhuculula, uziphu, nezakhi zesakhiwo ziguga kanjani ngaphansi kokuchayeka ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle. Lapho ukunakekelwa kunganakwa, izinguquko ezincane zempahla ziyanqwabelana futhi kancane kancane zinciphise ukunethezeka kokuthwala, ukumelana namanzi, nokuzinza komthwalo.
Ngokombono wokusebenza, ukulungisa okusebenzayo kuphendula uchungechunge lwemibuzo esebenzayo kunokulandela uhlu lokuhlola olugxilile. Ukuthi isikhwama sokugibela izintaba kufanele sihlanzwe kaningi kangakanani kuya ngokuchayeka kwemvelo, ukunqwabelana komjuluko, kanye namandla okusetshenziswa kwawo. Kungani izindlela zokuhlanza ezithambile zibalulekile kuba sobala uma kucutshungulwa ukucekelwa phansi kokumboza, ukukhathala komthungo, nokuphuka kwegwebu okubangelwa ukushisa nezihlanzi ezinolaka. Iyiphi indlela yokomisa ekhethiwe enquma ukuthi umswakama uhlala uvaleleke ngaphakathi kwezingqimba zesakhiwo, ukusheshisa ukwakheka kwephunga nokwehluleka kwempahla.
Kukhona futhi ukuhwebelana okucacile kanye nezinketho ezinkambisweni zokunakekela. Ukuhlanza ngokweqile kusheshisa ukuguga, kuyilapho ukuhlanza kancane kuvumela ukungcola kulimaze imicu kanye nehadiwe. Ukugeza umshini kungase konge isikhathi kodwa kwandise ukucindezelwa kwemishini, kuyilapho ukugeza izandla kugcina ubuqotho besakhiwo. Izinketho zesitoreji sesikhathi eside—njengokugwema ukuminyanisa nokulawula umswakama—zisiza ukugcina igwebu eliqinile kanye nokunemba kokusabalalisa komthwalo phakathi nezinkathi zonyaka eziningi.
Ezingeni lemboni, ukunakekelwa kwezikhwama zokuqwala izintaba kubonisa amathrendi abanzi mayelana nokuqina, ukusimama, nokuthobela imithetho. Izinto ezintsha eziqanjiwe zihlose ukunweba ukumelana nemihuzuko nokunamathela kokunamathela, kuyilapho ukuguquka kwezindinganiso zemvelo kuthonya ama-ejenti okuhlanza anconyiwe kanye nokuziphatha kokunakekela abathengi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukunakekelwa okufanele akuhambelani kuphela nezinjongo zokusebenza komuntu ngamunye kodwa futhi nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo okunesibopho kanye nemijikelezo emide yemishini.
Ekugcineni, isikhwama esinakekelwa kahle sokuqwala izintaba sisebenza njengohlelo lokusekela olungabonakali. Lapho izinqumo zokuhlanza, ukomiswa, nokugcinwa kwenziwa ngokuqonda esikhundleni sokujwayela, ubhaka uyaqhubeka nokusebenza njengoba uklanywe—usekela ukuphepha, ukunethezeka, nokwethembeka phakathi neminyaka yonke yokusebenzisa izintaba esikhundleni sokuba yiphuzu lokuqala lokwehluleka.
